Sunday, June 14, 2015

Eating dead relatives' brains stops dementia, British and Papua New Guinea ... - Metro

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Looks good (Picture: Giphy)Eating the brains of dead relatives could help build immunity to dementia. That’s how people in Papua New Guinea’s Fore tribe have managed to stave off the disease, scientists have discovered.

Fore tribespeople have proven to have developed strong resistance over time to kuru prion disease, an unusual yet deadly strain of dementia, according to the findings published in Nature by a team of British and Papua New Guinean scientists.

This communal vaccine has evolved through a traditional Fore ritual of eating the brain of deceased relatives at funerals.

Kuru, a disease likened to BSE in cattle, peaked in the 1950’s after claiming up to 2% of the Fore population a year.

MORE: Cannibal decorator rips out man’s heart and eats it after kicking victim between legs

MORE: ‘Cannibal mother tries to eat her newborn baby after giving birth’

Fore members that survived were found to have the ‘prion resistance’ gene, which inhibits proteins from mutating and forming brain-damaging polymers.

The gene also immunises against other neurological diseases, such as Parkinson’s.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) is a more common prion-based disorder scientists believe these findings could help open the door to possible breakthroughs in tackling dementia.

The discovery is also thought to give scientists an insight into the molecular causes and possible treatments of other prion-based diseases.

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Mobile app helps save cardiac arrest victims - 13WMAZ

BIANCA SEIDMAN, CBS NEWS 1:37 p.m. EDT June 14, 2015


SAN FRANCISCO, CA - JUNE 01: A person practices CPR compressions on a mannequin at San Francisco City Hall on June 1, 2011 in San Francisco, California. The San Francisco Paramedic Association and the American Heart Association kicked off National CPR Week by offering free CPR training to the public. (Photo by Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)(Photo: Justin Sullivan, Getty Images)



A mobile phone app helps match people in cardiac arrest with people nearby who are trained in CPR -- and a new study shows the system could help save lives.

Researchers in Sweden used a mobile notification system to locate CPR-trained volunteers in the immediate area to resuscitate people in cardiac arrest before emergency responders could arrive. The findings are published in The New England Journal of Medicine.

The mobile "on-call" system they used, called SMS Lifesavers, increased the number of bystanders providing emergency CPR for victims of cardiac arrest -- when the heart's electrical system abruptly stops working -- by 30 percent.

"Traditional methods such as mass public training, which are now used throughout the world, are important but have not shown any evidence of a similar increase," Dr. Jacob Hollenberg, a cardiologist and associate professor at the Center for Resuscitation Science at the University of Gothenberg, said in a news release.

"The new mobile phone text-message alert system shows convincingly that new technology can be used to ensure that more people receive life-saving treatment as they wait for an ambulance."

Patients in a larger, companion study of 30,000 patients showed a 30-day survival rate after cardiac arrest of more than 10 percent when bystanders provided CPR, and only 4 percent if they did not.

For this random, blind study conducted in the Stockholm, Sweden, area, researchers created a mobile-phone positioning system that used the same type of technology as GPS tracking and friend-finder apps.

Almost 6,000 people who knew CPR but were not part of the health care system participated initially, and another 4,000 joined as the study went on. When ambulance, fire or police responders were dispatched, the mobile system alerted people in the volunteer network within about a third of a mile.

Bystanders administered CPR before medical responders arrived 62 percent of the time when the system was used. When the mobile system was not activated, CPR was administered before EMS arrived only 48 percent of the time. That's an increase of 30 percent with the system in place.

Creating a mobile app for the U.S. is possible, but, like the Amber alert system, it would require government permissions.

Every year about 359,000 Americans suffer sudden cardiac arrest outside of hospitals, according to the American Heart Association. Bystanders perform CPR first in about 40 percent of these cases.

Hands-only CPR within the first three minutes after cardiac arrest can jump-start the heart and reduce the minutes of oxygen deprivation, significantly improving chances of survival.

On average, it takes EMS more than 7 minutes to apply a first defibrillation once they arrive. Having CPR-trained volunteers available and willing to help immediately after cardiac arrest can restore heart rhythms before the permanent damage caused by extended delay.

The American Heart Association (AHA) says that immediate and properly-administered bystander CPR after sudden cardiac arrest can double or triple a victim's chance of survival. An instructional video gives directions on how to administer hands-only CPR.

The AHA also notes that since four out of five cardiac arrests happen at home, most people who administer CPR are helping a loved one.

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The True Significance of Flibanserin's 'Modest' Boost To Female Sexual Desire - Forbes

Last week, an FDA advisory committee met to discuss the benefits and risks of flibanserin, a drug intended to restore a woman’s sexual desire. The panel voted 18-6 that the FDA approve the drug with an active risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (REMS) to ensure that the drug is prescribed appropriately and potential side effects monitored closely. The agency’s final decision will occur on or before August 18, 2015.

The drug is not a women’s version of Viagra, the Pfizer drug approved in 1998 that increases penile bloodflow in men with erectile dysfunction. Instead, flibanserin acts selectively on brain receptors to restore to women what they consider their previously normal level of sexual desire.

So, flibanserin isn’t really a “sex pill” as portrayed by some in the media, but rather a restorative. A good analogy is that people don’t take antidepressants to experience a euphoric, elevated mood. They just want to return to a normal mood response. In fact, an antidepressant won’t elevate mood in a person without depression.

Flibanserin has been designed and studied for pre-menopausal women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) defined most simply for women who are in a stable monogamous relationship, used to have sexual fantasies and a normal desire for sex, have lost that desire and it has been missing for a long time, and are experiencing distress and interpersonal difficulties as a result. HSDD is classified by the FDA as an of unmet medical need.

A good analogy is that people don’t take antidepressants to experience a euphoric, elevated mood. They just want to return to a normal mood response. In fact, an antidepressant won’t elevate mood in a person without depression.

I belabor the details because the drug has been criticized by others, including yours truly, for having a modest or minimal effect on sexual desire. But I fully recognize that as a man, I may have an incomplete understanding of the impact the drug will have in the lives of individual women. Hence, I have sought expert opinions in women’s health over the last two weeks to fully appreciate the scope of this unmet medical need and the drug’s benefits relative to its side effect profile.

In this article, I wanted to expand on flibanserin’s efficacy with a deeper dive into the data and discussions with caregivers.

‘Modest’ does not mean ‘minimal’

In a 45-minute discussion earlier this week, Cindy Whitehead, CEO of Sprout Pharmaceuticals, told me that the drug’s ‘modest’ effect, one that has been repeatedly shown to be statistically-significant using FDA-required tools, is being misread as ‘minimal.’

Whitehead couldn’t be more clear on the purpose of this drug and its performance in the clinical trials.

“‘Modest’ was the goal of treatment,” said Whitehead. “You don’t want to take a patient with HSDD and catapult them to hypersexuality. In fact, we looked at that in clinical trials because that would be an undesirable effect. So we are moving them back in a range that is their ‘normal.’”

Satisfying sexual experiences are not the only meaningful endpoint

Most public discussion has focused on the conclusion that flibanserin increases a woman’s sexually satisfying experiences by one per month over placebo. In part, that’s the easiest way to summarize the 306-page briefing document Sprout released for last week’s FDA hearing, and I even used it in my articles.

Whitehead says that representation obscures the context in which those increases occurred. In the most recent of three pivotal randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, women taking flibanserin in a single nighttime dose went from an average of 2.5 sexually satisfying events per month to 5.0 per month. In contrast, women in the placebo group went from 2.7 at baseline to 3.5.

So what the data show is an increase of 2.5 events per month, of which only 0.8 could be credited to placebo.

Consider if we reported instead that women doubled their number of satisfying sexual experiences (from 2.5 to 5.0) and their increase was triple that seen with placebo (increase of 0.8 vs. 2.5). That would also be true. And perhaps the perception of efficacy might be far more positive.

Perhaps we in media aren’t giving enough credit to a woman and her healthcare provider to make a decision on the significance of those results in her particular situation.

What’s not open to selective interpretation is the very fact that across the three studies, with up to five measures of efficacy, flibanserin showed in every case an improvement over placebo. As I’ve said before, that’s impressive. The confounding factor is that placebo responses are high in these types of trials, not just with flibanserin but with any drug that acts on the central nervous system.

A review by Andrea Bradford at M.D. Anderson shows that some aspects of female sexual dysfunction trial design already enhance the placebo effect, such as the interaction with clinicians who are experts in sexual medicine and comfortable with conversations like this and the trial requirement that you at least try to initiate a sexual experience once a week.

Cindy Whitehead, CEO of Raleigh-based Sprout Pharmaceuticals, is flanked by women leadership of their 25-person organization. Credit: Sprout Pharmaceuticals


But even with that strong suggestive element, flibanserin outperformed placebo in all three pivotal trials. Whitehead says that across the three pivotal trials, “Between 46 and 60 percent of women judged their effect to be meaningful. That’s remarkable, but that says that 40 percent of women are not going to be helped by flibanserin. We are not going to help all women.”

Another consideration is that these average numbers don’t adequately reflect the magnitude of individual responders to the drug.

When the SSE data are picked apart, as shown in the company’s presentation at the FDA hearing, the results are more meaningful if considered on an individual basis. About 25 percent of women experienced an increase of four or more satisfying experiences per month (vs. about 15 percent in the placebo group). That means they went from about 2.5 to 6.5 or more. And again, in every single case – one more, two more, three more – the drug was significantly better than placebo.

So if you’re a woman who responds to the drug, that response could be considerably greater than average.

Significant sexual events are downstream of distress over desire

“The SSEs were identified as objective measures long ago when these trials were first designed with the help of FDA to come up with endpoints because it’s something you can count. But they really are a much more downstream effect of desire,” says Sheryl Kingsberg, PhD, chief of behavioral medicine in the obstetrics and gynecology at University Hospitals of Case Medical Center and a full professor of psychiatry, obstetrics and gynecology at Case Western Reserve Medical School. Kingsberg received compensation as a Sprout consultant. An author of over 70 peer-reviewed publications on women’s health, Kingsberg presented the overview and impact of HSDD at last week’s FDA hearing.

I asked her to distinguish the difference between the SSEs and the other self-reported measures of desire and distress.

Kingsberg explained, “What we’re really looking at in hypoactive sexual disorder is to increase desire. Women will have sexual events for a variety of reasons and they will rate them as satisfying for a variety of reasons. In the neurobiological model of desire, what’s missing is the motivation and reward processing – avolition, just as we see in depression. So if you put her in bed and she has a sexual event and she’s aroused and has an orgasm, she will rate that as satisfying. But what’s missing is going to be the motivation to do it again.”

The two other measures in the trial were the desire domain of the female sexual function index (FSFI-Desire) and distress (FSDS-R), one of the diagnostic criteria for HSDD. Kingsberg said that distress isn’t really anxiety but rather a feeling of sadness and inadequacy around being bothered that ‘it’s gone and they want it back.’

As with SSEs, the increase in the magnitude of difference between placebo and flibanserin also progressively increased as measures of sexual desire became more stringent. Similar the reduction in emotional distress decreased at a greater magnitude relative to placebo as stringency increased.

The combination of the primary, co-primary, and secondary measures all showed significance over placebo – all the endpoints required by the FDA. Whitehead stressed that included in these endpoints were measures of self-reported, clinical meaningfulness.

Flibanserin is the most extensively studied drug in women

Moreover, the inclusion criteria allowed for the sort of variability observed in the general population: 87 percent white and about 11 percent of the subjects being African-American; 46 percent normal weight and 53 percent overweight or obese; average age of 36 with a range from 19 to 54; and psychotherapy permitted as long as it wasn’t initiated less than 12 weeks before the trial started. That’s another major consideration of the FDA and its advisory panels: How closely does the clinical trial population reflect anticipated, real-life users of the drug?

I used to teach my pharmacy students at the University of Colorado that drug companies are only required to test their drugs in about 1,500 or 2,000 people. The FDA requires that at least 1,500 be exposed to the drug, 300 to 600 for six months or more, and 100 for at least a year. Sprout has tested flibanserin in just shy of 8,000 women, with a total study number of over 11,000.

“In a day and age where we talk about including women in clinical trials and studying drugs in female rodent model, it’s disheartening that it’s lost that flibanserin has been looked at for and in women. It is one of the largest new drug applications, ever, for women. This is in a field that, up until now, the standard of care has been repurposing male drugs.”

Whitehead and her husband, Bob, who is currently Sprout’s executive vice chairman, had led Slate Pharmaceuticals through FDA approval of the first long-acting testosterone preparation for men with low testosterone, Testopel, now sold by Endo Pharmaceuticals. The current iteration of the 25-person company is so-named as it “sprouted” from the sale of Slate.

“Part of our enthusiasm in making the decision to sell off the business with one of the men’s sexual health drugs and pursue flibanserin was that here we have something with spectacular scientific understanding and a mechanism that’s going along with that understanding, as opposed to the less artful version of ‘It works in men. Let’s see if it works in women,’” says Whitehead.

Flibanserin acts in the brain to modulate serotonin responses in the prefrontal cortex of the brain that connects to limbic pleasure centers, ultimately disinhibiting norepinephrine and dopamine pathways that mediate how we processing rewarding activities. Functional MRI studies published in Neuroscience and conducted by academic researchers with no ties to Sprout are consistent with lower activity in these pathways.

Drug interactions and side effects

In fact, the more one looks at the data and FDA’s complete response letter, the company has done everything the FDA has asked, even when those requests were above and beyond those for other drugs that act on the brain.

The studies of the drug’s metabolism are an excellent example of Sprout’s efforts. About 85 percent of a flibanserin dose is handled by a drug metabolizing enzyme called CYP3A4. We know very well that some drugs inhibit the action of CYP3A4, such as antifungal drugs like fluconazole, and that almost half of all drugs are handled by that enzyme. Not just flibanserin. Half of all drugs. The company still did the work to show that flibanserin blood levels increase substantially (up to seven times) with any of these inhibitors. So if it’s approved, flibanserin will carry warnings for it not to be taken with those antifungals and warnings will be triggered when the drugs might be prescribed by two different doctors. And, moreover, those antifungals already carry the warning that they not be used with a long list of other drugs metabolized by the same enzyme.

But that’s not all Sprout did. They addressed pharmacogenomics of a secondary drug metabolizing enzyme. The remaining 15 percent of a flibanserin dose is handled by related enzymes called CYP2C9 and CYP2C19. Of the 50 changes, or polymorphisms, that occur in those enzymes across the population, some reduce their efficiency and, in turn, might have been expected to increase flibanserin blood levels in individuals that would be called slow-metabolizers. Whitehead said that the company had to screen 1,800 volunteers just to even find 25 slow-metabolizers to do the study. And after all that, there was no statistical change in flibanserin metabolism, probably because most of it is handled by the other enzyme, CYP3A4.

The primary side effects have also been exhaustively examined. Dizziness, sleepiness, and fatigue occurred at a rate of 9 to 11 percent, as compared with placebo rates of 2 to 3 percent.  Placed into appropriate context, many other CNS drugs cause the same degree of these side effects, or greater: Wellbutrin, Paxil, Cymbalta, Zoloft, Prozac, Celexa. Some of these, like Wellbutrin, cause dizziness and somnolence at a rate of over 20 percent. And all of these effects are intensified by alcohol, for every one of these drugs. So flibanserin poses no unusual effects and can be managed by appropriate warnings.

The hemodynamic side effects, such as hypotension and syncope, treated very seriously by the company and the FDA advisory committee. Whitehead says they are comforted by how infrequent the reaction is. Six patients experienced these effects in the Phase 3 trials, or 0.4 percent. The rate in the placebo group was 0.3%.

“When you look other products being used off-label, like testosterone and Wellbutrin, their incidence of hypotension and syncope and hypotension are much higher than that seen in flibanserin. I say that only in the context of a conversation that seems to have caught a little bit of fire but departs from a comparator or frame of reference,” says Whitehead. “Flibanserin has risks, as does any other drug.”

We also know that these effects are intensified by antifungal drugs that inhibit CYP3A4 as well as alcohol in the range of two to four drinks ingested within 10 minutes. What this means in a post-approval population is exactly why the risk management and mitigation strategy suggested by Sprout will include health care practitioner education to counsel patients to be on the lookout for such effects.

‘Not approving this drug carries more risks’

When considering these side effects and their frequency, an important point is that they’ve been studied in detail and the FDA has the original data on each subject to examine exhaustively. A case could be made that the current situation, without flibanserin available is far more serious, where patients are taking homeopathic and herbal supplements or off-label compounded of prescription hormones.

While this was discussed somewhat at the FDA hearing, I had been chatting on Twitter with Lisa Larkin, MD. She was amenable to talking in more than 140 characters at a time to share her clinical experiences on patients with HSDD who are currently without access to anything with a well-quantified safety and efficacy profile. Larkin, an associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology is also director of the University of Cincinnati’s Women’s Center. She also testified at last week’s FDA hearing but has not received any funding from the company.

Her motivation is that she has a high-volume academic practice where we sees women routinely with HSDD, often dealing with problems of self-medication with herbs and supplements managing patient misadventuring with implantable testosterone products from compounding pharmacies. Dr. Larkin also takes issue with those who oppose the drug based on the faulty belief that HSDD is a disorder made up by pharma.

To those who propose that only a behavioral approach is necessary, Dr. Larkin says, “Of course, I recognize that sexual dysfunction is a multifactorial problem and a large number of women can benefit from therapy, treatment of their depression, marital issues, have past issues of sexual abuse. And, clearly, this drug is not for that.”

Larkin adds, “Where I really take issue is where people aren’t actively writing prescriptions like I am lack a very good sense of side effect profiling. And to say that it’s all made up by pharma is frankly a disservice to women.”

“But this biggest point that I didn’t have time to get to at the FDA was that not approving this drug puts women at more risk because what I see in practice day in and day out is people doing flukey, unregulated, untested supplements, compounded stuff, looking for answers going to these anti-aging centers.”

Relative to these other approaches, Dr. Larkin says that doctors can make assessments based on known and well-quantified risks. “With any approved drug, the risks are identified in the package insert and prescribing information and we as clinicians have data that can tell us alcohol is a bad thing, that there are specific drug interactions. With all of these other things and compounded drugs being used off label, it’s really not a safer alternative.”

The most dramatic cases Larkin faces are with women given implantable testosterone pellets. She has had multiple patients who’ve gone to anti-aging clinics with testosterone levels “in the thousands” – a normal level in men is 800 to 1,100 nanograms per deciliter. Women present as edgy, agitated, and aggressive, and yes, their hot flashes go away and their libido briefly improves. But in three to six months they come in with clitoromegaly, where the clitoris grows to more closely resemble a penis, acne, hair loss, and feel unwell.

Another type of risky patient she just saw was a premenopausal woman with hormone-dependent, breast cancer who was getting testosterone pellets and came to her for hormone replacement therapy. As testosterone gets converted to estrogen, that already increases the risk for breast cancer recurrence. The best she can do in such a case right now is to recommend a topical estrogen preparation. But hormonal approaches can only do so much and Larkin has little else to offer her patients. Flibanserin would be another important tool that she could use safely in many of her patients.

The wisdom of Even the Score

Dr. Larkin has been a supporter of the Even the Score campaign to urge the FDA and Congress to recognize HSDD and “even the score’ by approving flibanserin. It’s been criticized by opponents as just a pharma-funded public relations campaign – Whitehead says that ‘patient advocacy’ is more appropriate.

Larkin says she had some unease about the perception but the whole reason it was mobilized by a spectrum of women’s groups and drug companies that included Sprout was that, “We were being neglected. I think we needed the campaign to raise awareness and I support having done the campaign because the end result is really what I believe we need.”

The most prevalent messaging from the Even the Score campaign was that the agency has been exhibiting gender bias in approving 26 medicines for sexually-related disorders in men and zero or few for women.

In working with regulators on drugs for both genders, Whitehead has a related but distinct perspective. “I believe that there is a condition bias on HSDD that’s a factor of a lot of things. I think we have deeply-held beliefs around women and sexuality and we do see here a different risk tolerance in terms of decision-making between men and healthcare provider versus women and healthcare provider.”

“The sheer abundance of data we have generated on safety – and we’re proud of how robust our data is – that informs a lot. We feel firmly that we have characterized the benefit as well as the risks of flibanserin, says Whitehead.

“If you can do that, and look at precedent after precedent of other products that are out there and the ability of there to be shared decision-making between patient and provider, I do scratch my head at what the opposition thinks in terms of their firmly held belief that this shouldn’t be turned over to women.”

For more health and pharmaceutical news and commentary, follow me on Twitter @DavidKroll, or here at Forbes.com.


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Beachgoers in Florida Warned About Deadly Bacteria - Times Gazette

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A rare and potentially deadly bacteria which lives in warm ocean water have infected seven people while killing two thus far in 2015, said Florida health officials. A spokesperson from the Health Department in Florida said that people could become infected with the bacteria – Vibrio vulnificus – when eating raw shellfish. Since the bacteria are naturally found in warm ocean waters people with wounds that are open could be exposed to the bacteria through swimming.




When the bacterium is ingested in contaminated food, the symptoms included abdominal pain, diarrhea and vomiting. When the bacteria enters the body via an open wound, it is able to cause an infection that could lead to a breakdown in the skin and form ulcers, which is where the flesh-eating symptoms came from.

While people who are healthy typically will experience just mild symptoms those who have an immune system that is weakened, particularly people who live with liver disease, are at a much higher risk of suffering severe complications.

The bacteria can enter the bloodstream and cause high fever, chills, septic shock, skin lesions and death.

The number of cases of Vibrio vulnificus is quite rare. There were just 32 cases last year reported in Florida. The infections are very seasonal with 85% or more occurring from May to October, according to U.S. health officials.

The best way to avoid such an infection said experts is not to enter the ocean if you have fresh scrapes or cuts. People that have immune systems that are compromised should be extra cautious by wearing the proper foot protection so cuts are prevented.

Shellfish, including clams, mussels and oysters should all be cooked completely and always eaten promptly. People should avoid raw shellfish.

The majority of cases of the possible flesh eating deadly bacteria are treated by using antibiotics. In some of the most severe cases, it has been necessary to amputate an infected limb.




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Tests show South Korean in Slovakia probably does not have MERS - Reuters

<span id="midArticle_start"/> Tests show a 38-year-old South Korean man admitted to hospital in Slovakia with suspected Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) probably does not have the potentially deadly virus, the Slovak Health Ministry said on Sunday.

<span id="midArticle_0"/>The ministry said three out of four tests came back negative and the fourth was on the upper limits but not positive.

<span id="midArticle_1"/>Ministry spokesman Peter Bubla said the patient, who was taken to a Bratislava hospital on Saturday, would undergo further tests.

<span id="midArticle_2"/>An outbreak of the virus in South Korea has infected 145 people and killed 14 of them since it was first diagnosed in May in a businessman who had returned from a trip to the Middle East.

<span id="midArticle_3"/> <span class="first-article-divide"/>The outbreak is the largest outside Saudi Arabia, where the disease was first identified in humans in 2012, and has stirred fears in Asia of a repeat of a 2002-2003 scare when Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) killed about 800 people worldwide.

<span id="midArticle_4"/> <span class="second-article-divide"/>MERS is caused by a coronavirus from the same family as the one that caused SARS. It is more deadly than SARS but does not spread as easily.

<span id="midArticle_5"/>Slovakian media reported the man was taken to Bratislava from the city of Zilina, 200 km (125 miles) to the north. The area is home to a Kia Motors factory, and the reports said the man worked for a subcontractor of the South Korean carmaker and had been staying in a hotel in Zilina.

<span id="midArticle_6"/> <span class="third-article-divide"/>
<span id="midArticle_7"/> (Reporting by Tatiana Jancarikova; Writing by Jason Hovet; Editing by Mark Trevelyan)

<span id="midArticle_8"/>


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'Jurassic World' Stomps Its Way to Global Box-Office Record - Wall Street Journal

June 14, 2015 2:20 p.m. ET
What asteroid?

The dinosaurs of “Jurassic World” set a record at the summer box office, bringing in a surprisingly robust $204.6 million in North America and making the film the first to gross more than $500 million world-wide in a single weekend.

Hollywood was expecting a hit, but the “Jurassic World” gross in North America exceeded estimates by more than $50 million and continued a sterling summer for Comcast Corp.<span class="article-chiclet hide down" data-channel="/quotes/zigman/89307/composite"> CMCSA -0.85 % ’s Universal Pictures.

The movie, starring Chris Pratt and Bryce Dallas Howard as the latest park workers dealing with prehistoric predators run amok, also unexpectedly unseated May’s “Avengers: Age of Ultron” sequel for the best weekend opening so far this year. Its domestic haul is the second-highest weekend opening of all time behind the original “Avengers,” which fetched $207.4 million in 2012.

Overseas numbers were just as gigantic. “Jurassic World” opened in nearly every market and collected an additional $307.2 million—its estimated total gross of $511.8 million is the highest world-wide opening of all time. China accounted for $100.8 million of the international grosses.

The movie cost about $150 million to make, with co-financing from Legendary Pictures LLC. Its success created a windfall among exhibition partners. IMAX Corp.<span class="article-chiclet hide up" data-channel="/quotes/zigman/3968820/composite"> IMAX 2.24 % said “Jurassic World” set a world-wide record for the company, collecting $44.1 million from its screens world-wide. Other large-format screens operated by exhibitors posted record returns, and about half the tickets sold were for 3-D screenings.

The record-setting opening gives Hollywood a boost after some worrisome weeks at the box office: Walt Disney Co.<span class="article-chiclet hide down" data-channel="/quotes/zigman/245568/composite"> DIS -0.61 % ’s “Tomorrowland” failed to deliver a solid Memorial Day weekend, and the calendar is stacked with similarly big-budgeted movies that will require seismic openings. Yearly box office after this weekend is up 4%, according to box-office tracking firm Rentrak Corp.

Studios have rushed to the vault in recent years in search of franchises they can dust off; the success of “Jurassic World” sets a high benchmark for how well it can go. The release schedules of this summer and 2016 are full of titles that could have been found on the marquee in the 1990s, including next month’s “Terminator: Genisys” and next year’s “Independence Day 2.”

“Jurassic World” revitalizes a franchise that hasn’t been in theaters since 2001. It has been 22 years since Steven Spielberg’s original “Jurassic Park” opened, collecting $357 million and setting a new standard for special effects, with its grazing brontosaurus and chomping Tyrannosaurus Rex. Later sequels “The Lost World” (1997) and “Jurassic Park III” (2001) posted diminishing returns at $229 million and $181 million, respectively.

The movie is the latest hit for Universal in a year that has included “Fifty Shades of Grey,” “Furious 7” and “Pitch Perfect 2.” The studio’s docket for the rest of the summer includes highly anticipated titles like the animated “Minions,” the Amy Schumer comedy “Trainwreck” and rap drama “Straight Outta Compton.”

Nostalgia seemed to influence many “Jurassic World” ticket buyers: About 61% of the weekend audience was over the age of 25. With parents bringing their children to the movie, “Jurassic World” is a “family tentpole film,” said Nick Carpou, president of domestic distribution at Universal. “That should lead to less of a drop-off effect” in the weeks ahead, he said. Audiences gave the movie an “A” grade, according to market-research firm CinemaScore.

Universal has yet to announce plans for future “Jurassic” installments, but Mr. Carpou said Sunday, “If the filmmakers agree, we’d really love to have another one.”

Write to Erich Schwartzel at erich.schwartzel@wsj.com


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What next for Philae, the comet lander that refuses to die? - CNN

Story highlights
  • Philae the comet lander has sent data back to Earth after seven months in hibernation
  • Scientists are now hopeful it can continue its mission from its sheltered spot on a comet's surface
  • The orbiter Rosetta may be parked on the comet next year when the mission winds down


Contact was lost with the probe in November when its initial battery charge drained after 60 hours on the surface of Comet 67P.

It was originally hoped that after the initial experiments, Philae would operate until March this year when the fierce heat of the sun would likely burn out its components.

But in what appears to be a happy accident, the probe, which is about the size of a washing machine, bounced across the comet's surface in the weak gravity after anchor devices failed, and it landed in a sheltered spot. There wasn't enough sunlight to recharge its batteries but it was protected from the worst of the solar scorching.

Now, as the comet gets closer to the sun, there is enough power to allow the lander to emerge from its dormant state and make contact with the orbiting Rosetta.

"I was thrilled," lander system engineer Laurence O'Rourke told CNN shortly after contact was re-established with Philae.

"We are all delighted. Delighted that Philae survived the long winter. It's a great opportunity ... allows us to do more science."

It now means Philae can continue with experiments up to and beyond the comet's closest approach to the sun in mid-August -- called perihelion.

"It's a bonus," said O'Rourke. "It's incredible that we have a chance to get data from the surface of a comet approaching perihelion. We weren't expecting that."

O'Rourke explained that Philae's two mass memories are full, suggesting that the probe was awake for a few days before making a successful link with the orbiter.

He said the team will now try to retrieve all the data so the memory can be cleared and they can concentrate on gathering near real-time information from the craft -- especially its precise location and orientation.

Experiments that couldn't be carried out in November will be a priority, he said.

Rosetta and its mission

The European Space Agency (ESA), which is leading a consortium that includes NASA to find out more about the composition of comets and how they interact with the sun, has already notched up some notable firsts with the project. It is the first time a mission has successfully orbited a comet, following it on its journey around the sun, and the first time a controlled landing has been made on a comet -- even though Philae encountered a bumpy ride.

And the Rosetta mission has already discovered organic chemicals on the comet surface.

As the comet gets closer to the sun, it will become more active with material being blasted away to form the comet's distinct tail. The orbiter has been recording dramatic pictures of this activity for weeks.

This could cause problems for Philae but O'Rourke is confident it will survive and continue collecting more data from the surface.

"I think we know that Philae is in a quiet location. I'm reasonably sure it's going to survive perihelion," he said.

And what of Rosetta's future?

O'Rourke told CNN that the orbiter will descend to within five kilometers (three miles) of the comet's surface and return images of amazing detail.

But he said they are also proposing extending the mission to September next year when an attempt will be made to spiral Rosetta down to the comet to be parked on its surface. He said a decision was due to made in the next two weeks.

Unlike Philae, Rosetta has many thruster rockets that can help reduce its speed and attitude -- reducing the risk of another bouncy landing.

So could Rosetta survive another six years in its marathon comet-chasing mission and return fresh data from the comet's next return in six years?

"That's the million-dollar question -- but I would think the chances are very low," said O'Rourke.

But given the enduring nature of the mission to date, have the twin probes got a few more surprises still to reveal? We are likely to learn more in the coming weeks as perihelion approaches.


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Relay for Life pushes beyond early rain showers - Bismarck Tribune

Despite an early rain shower, about 60 teams, who refused to be washed out, participated Saturday for Relay for Life at Century High School, where the track was lined with thousands of luminaria.

"The rain got us drenched," said Kathleen Donahue, a member of the team Masters of Disasters and media chair for the 23rd annual event, a fundraiser for the American Cancer Society. 

High participation in Bismarck makes the event a "mega" fundraiser, regularly bringing in more than $200,000. 

Deb Leingang, one of three Survivor Ambassadors, was a healthy 57-year-old registered nurse when she was diagnosed.

"I had no idea, on my radar, cancer was lurking," said Leingang, who opted for a double mastectomy to deal with her breast cancer. 

"I don't think you have to be a hero to go through chemo, but, after it, you sure do feel like one. To me, (family and friends) are the heroes ... my hat's off to these people," said Leingang, who is now cancer free after undergoing chemotherapy beginning in December of 2013.

Sheila Geffre, another Survivor Ambassador, spoke at the event, which began at 5 p.m. in a festive atmosphere that included sales of food, caramel rolls, German hamburgers and pulled pork from pavilion tents. Signs close by read, "Celebrate. Remember. Fight Back." 

"You can't plan for tomorrow. Tomorrow's a question mark. But after living 13 years of 'todays,' cancer is still part of me. But it does not define me," said Geffre, who has done battle with an extremely aggressive brain cancer, which most recently killed Joe Biden's son, Beau Biden.

She likened having cancer to the kinds of life-changing moments that happen to everyone.

"The death of a child or a parent — God forbid, your house burns down .... we all have those major events that shape our lives, that change us," said Geffre, as she looked down at her son. "Just take a day at a time."

After the opening ceremony, cancer survivors lined up according to how many years they had survived, before walking a lap around the track. Later, caregivers and teams also walked separate laps. The event, which included a first aid station for the first time, continued until a closing ceremony at 4 a.m. Sunday.


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Over 5000 senior citizens treated for abuse and neglec - Jerusalem Post Israel News

5,318 senior citizens were treated by the welfare and social services ministry in 2014 for abuse and neglect, says the ministry in preparation for World Elder Abuse Awareness Day, marked annually on June 15.

Of those treated, 1,829 were treated for emotional abuse, 1,589 were treated for neglect, 1,015 for physical abuse, 326 for deprivation of rights, 924 for financial exploitation, and 42 for sexual assault. 18.4% of all senior citizens in Israel were found to be exposed to more than one type of injury (from among physical, sexual, emotional, financial, and deprivation of rights, according to a study done by the University of Haifa.

In 2014, 166 injunctions were issued under the protection of dependents law, to take senior citizens out of their homes to be placed in the care of hospitals for medical treatment or in the care of an institution for long-term care.

The welfare and social services ministry, in partnership with the health ministry and Eshel, will host a conference to mark a decade for World Elder Abuse Awareness Day on Monday in the Diamond Theater Auditorium in Ramat Gan.

Welfare and Social Services Minister Haim Katz said on Sunday that the ministry is working on locating all those senior citizens at risk who are not currently reaching out to the welfare services for a variety of reasons.

Katz gave special thanks to the social workers working with senior citizens and added: "As I promised upon entering my position [as minister], I will reiterate and say that I will act and I will help to improve the quality of life for senior citizens in particular and for the weaker populations in Israel, in general." Zionist Union MK Hilik Bar proposed a law on the 1 June to allow guardians of dependents to video or secretly voice-record the caregivers when they are alone with dependents.

The proposal, which was initially submitted in July of 2014 but was not voted upon due to the dispersion of the Knesset, is meant to allow for greater protection of dependents, such as infants in childcare and elderly citizens who are no longer able to care for themselves.

To maintain a balance of protection of dependents and privacy rights, the proposed law states that caregivers must be given advance warning of video surveillance and are to be given full termination rights if they do not agree to the conditions and choose to leave their place of employ.

The original proposed law was drafted after parents turned to Bar's office following their discovery that their six month old daughter's caregiver had been verbally abusing and neglecting her. The parents asked Bar to legislate a rule that would legalize third-party surveillance in cases of dependents.

The current law only allows voice recordings if at least one party to the conversation has given consent. In the case of a dependent and a caregiver, the current law does not legally recognize the guardian's right to record the sessions between the dependent and the caregiver.

"The possibility for families and those responsible for helpless people, whether it is young children, elderly, or people with disabilities, to legally record or video the caregivers is important, necessary, and may create deterrence and even expose cases of physical or verbal abuse," explained Bar.

"Unfortunately, we have seen quite a few cases where this tool was used to expose crimes of serious abuse and was only means available to the families to protect the helpless dependent. This is a law that seeks to balance and resolve the tension between the caregiver's right to privacy and the security and well-being of the helpless dependent and it is undoubtedly essential both for the helpless dependent and their families and for the caregivers," he concluded.

The proposed law was initiated by Bar, who was joined by Kulanu MKs Merav Ben-Ari, and Tali Ploskov, and Zionist Union MKs Yoel Hasson, Eitan Cabel, Dani Atar, Itzik Shmuli, Ksenia Svetlova, and Ayelet Nahmias-Verbin.


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Trials show aspirin slows breast cancer - The Times (subscription)

A daily aspirin could slow the growth of breast cancer, early trials suggest.

Tumours in mice given the equivalent of a daily headache pill grew half as fast as those untreated, a study found.

While experts cautioned that the results have yet to be repeated in humans, the research adds to evidence that the common drug has strong anti-cancer properties.

US researchers looked at 96 plates of cancer cells, finding that they died much faster and struggled to grow when aspirin was added. They then injected 20 mice with breast cancer, giving half the equivalent of the human dose of


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At least nine dead in Georgia flooding, zoo animals escape - Channel 4 News

It is estimate that the floods have killed at least 12 people and two dozen people have been reported missing.

Heavy rainfall caused the river Vere, which flows through Tbilisi, to flood and sweep away buildings, cards and damage roads.

Tigers, lions, wolves are believed to have also escaped damaged cages in the zoo. Some animals have been captured or killed but many are still roaming free.

A hippopotamus was seen in the street and was later tranquilized and taken away. A bear was filmed clinging to a building to avoid the waters below.

At least 30 animals have escaped and residents have been advised to stay indoors. Footage from the zoo shows at several animals, including a tiger, lying dead in the mud. Three zoo workers died, including one woman who was trying to save lions and tigers.

In the city, houses and tower blocks were perched perilously close to river banks that were still collapsing into the river.

"Dozens of families remain homeless as their houses were destroyed or damaged in the capital," deputy mayor Irakly Lekvinadze told reporters.

Emergency services were forced to use rafts to navigate the city's streets in order to reach stranded residents and are now searching for bodies in the mud.

Tbilisi officials said dozens of families are now homeless and a preliminary estimate has put the damage at $18m.


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Drone Shows Power Plant Were NY Prison Worker, Escapees Planned to Meet - ABC News



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Hillary Clinton backs Nancy Pelosi over Obama on trade - CNN

50 photos

Former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, pictured here on Tuesday, March 3, has become one of the most powerful people in Washington. Here's a look at her life and career through the years.


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Before she married Bill Clinton, she was Hillary Rodham. Here, Rodham talks about student protests in 1969, which she supported in her commencement speech at Wellesley College in Wellesley, Massachusetts.


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Rodham, center, a lawyer for the Rodino Committee, and John Doar, left, chief counsel for the committee, bring impeachment charges against President Richard Nixon in the Judiciary Committee hearing room at the U.S. Capitol in 1974.


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Arkansas Gov. Bill Clinton helps first lady Rosalynn Carter on a campaign swing through Arkansas in June 1979. Also seen in the photo is Hillary Clinton, center background.


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Bill Clinton embraces his wife shortly after a stage light fell near her on January 26, 1992. They talk to Don Hewitt, producer of the CBS show "60 Minutes."


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With Hillary, Democratic presidential candidate Bill Clinton waves to the crowd at his victory party after winning the Illinois primary on March 17, 1992.


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Al Gore, Tipper Gore, Bill Clinton and Hillary Clinton wave to supporters at the Chautauqua Institution in Chautauqua, New York, after they gave speeches on family values on August 23, 1992.


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Clinton gestures at a campaign rally November 3, 1992, in Denver. After taking office, President Clinton chose his wife to head a special commission on health care reform, the most significant public policy initiative of his first year in office.


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Bill and Hillary Clinton have a laugh together on Capitol Hill in 1993.


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Clinton pours herself a cup of tea in 1993 while testifying to the Senate Education and Labor Committee about health care reform.


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Clinton speaks at George Washington University on September 10, 1993, in Washington during her husband's first term.


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Clinton waves to the media on January 26, 1996, as she arrives at federal court in Washington for an appearance before a grand jury. The first lady was subpoenaed to testify as a witness in the investigation of the Whitewater land deal in Arkansas.


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Hillary Clinton looks on as President Clinton discusses the Monica Lewinsky scandal in the Roosevelt Room of the White House on January 26, 1998.


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Hillary and Bill Clinton arrive at Foundry United Methodist Church on August 16, 1998, in Washington. He became the first sitting president to testify before a grand jury when he testified via satellite about the Lewinsky matter.


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Clinton shakes hands during a St. Patrick's Day parade in the Sunnyside neighborhood of Queens, New York, on March 5, 2000.


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Clinton waves to the crowd as she arrives on the stage at the Democratic National Convention on August 14, 2000, in Los Angeles.


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Clinton campaigns for a Senate seat October 25, 2000, at Grand Central Station in New York.


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Hillary Clinton is sworn in as a senator of New York in a re-enactment ceremony with, from left, President Clinton, nephew Tyler, daughter Chelsea, brother Hugh Rodham, mother Dorothy Rodham and Vice President Al Gore on January 3, 2001, in Washington.


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Andrew Cuomo, Eliot Spitzer and Clinton celebrate with a crowd of Democratic supporters after their wins in various races November 7, 2006, in New York.


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Clinton speaks during a post-primary rally on January 8, 2007, at Southern New Hampshire University in Manchester, New Hampshire.


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The Clintons pay a visit to the 92nd annual Hopkinton State Fair in Contoocook, New Hampshire, on September 2, 2007.


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Clinton speaks at a campaign rally September 2, 2007, in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. She was running for the Democratic presidential nomination.


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Clinton addresses a question during a debate with other Democratic presidential candidate at Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire, on September 26, 2007. Also pictured are U.S. Rep. Dennis Kucinich of Ohio, left, and former U.S. Sen. Mike Gravel of Alaska.


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Felipe Bravo, left, and Christian Caraballo are covered with Hillary Clinton stickers in downtown Manchester, New Hampshire, on January 8, 2008.


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Clinton campaigns in Council Bluffs, Iowa, with her daughter, Chelsea, on January 1, 2008, two days ahead of the January 3 state caucus.


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Clinton waves as she speaks to supporters at the National Building Museum on June 7, 2008, in Washington. After pulling out of the presidential race, Clinton thanked her supporters and urged them to back Barack Obama to be the next president of the United States.


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Obama and Clinton talk on the plane on their way to a Unity Rally in Unity, New Hampshire, on June 27, 2008.


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Obama watches Clinton address the Democratic National Convention on August 26, 2008. The two endured a long, heated contest for the 2008 nomination.


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Sen. Charles Schumer, left, looks toward Secretary of State designate Clinton as Senate Foreign Relations Committee chairman Sen. John Kerry, center, looks on during nomination hearings January 13, 2009, on Capitol Hill.


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Clinton testifies during her confirmation hearing for secretary of state on January 13, 2009, in Washington.


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Clinton, as secretary of state, dances with a local choir while visiting the Victoria Mxenge Housing Project in Philippi, a township on the outskirts of Cape Town, South Africa, on August 8, 2009.


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Clinton looks through binoculars toward North Korea during a visit to an observation post July 21, 2010, at the demilitarized zone separating the two Koreas.


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Clinton walks up the steps to her aircraft as she leaves a meeting of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations on July 23, 2010, in Hanoi, Vietnam.


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Hillary and Bill Clinton pose on the day of their daughter's wedding to Marc Mezvinsky on July 31, 2010, in Rhinebeck, New York.


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U.S. President Barack Obama and Clinton observe a moment of silence before a NATO meeting November 19, 2010, in Lisbon, Portugal.


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Clinton listens as Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu makes a brief statement November 29, 2010, before a bilateral meeting at the State Department in Washington.


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Clinton shakes hands with a child during an unannounced walk through Tahrir Square in Cairo on March 16, 2011.


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Obama, Vice President Joe Biden, Clinton and members of Obama's national security team receive an update on the Osama bin Laden mission May 1, 2011, in the Situation Room of the White House.


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Clinton checks her personal digital assistant prior to departing Malta on October 18, 2011.


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Clinton dances while in Cartagena, Colombia, on April 15, 2012.


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Clinton enjoys a beer at Cafe Havana in Cartagena, Colombia, on April 15, 2012.


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Clinton appears with little makeup during an event in Dhaka, Bangladesh, on May 6, 2012. She tells CNN, "I feel so relieved to be at the stage I'm at in my life right now ... Because you know if I want to wear my glasses, I'm wearing my glasses. If I want to wear my hair back I'm pulling my hair back. You know at some point it's just not something that deserves a lot of time and attention."



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Clinton speaks as Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai listens during a news conference at the presidential palace in Kabul, Afghanistan, on July 7, 2012.


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Clinton arrives at Ben Gurion International Airport in Israel on July 15, 2012.


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Clinton looks on as Obama makes a statement in response to the attack at the U.S. Consulate in Libya on September 12, 2012.


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Clinton applauds Myanmar opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi during a ceremony where Suu Kyi was presented with the Congressional Gold Medal on September 19, 2012.


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Bill Clinton kisses his wife after introducing her at the Clinton Global Initiative annual meeting on September 24, 2012, in New York City.


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Clinton shakes hands with Catherine, the Duchess of Cambridge, while attending a reception with Prince William, second from right, in New York in December.


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Democratic presidential candidate, former Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton gestures before speaking to supporters Saturday, June 13 on Roosevelt Island in New York, in a speech promoted as her formal presidential campaign debut.


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Relay for Life pushes beyond early rain showers - Bismarck Tribune

Despite an early rain shower, about 60 teams, who refused to be washed out, participated Saturday for Relay for Life at Century High School, where the track was lined with thousands of luminaria.

"The rain got us drenched," said Kathleen Donahue, a member of the team Masters of Disasters and media chair for the 23rd annual event, a fundraiser for the American Cancer Society. 

High participation in Bismarck makes the event a "mega" fundraiser, regularly bringing in more than $200,000. 

Deb Leingang, one of three Survivor Ambassadors, was a healthy 57-year-old registered nurse when she was diagnosed.

"I had no idea, on my radar, cancer was lurking," said Leingang, who opted for a double mastectomy to deal with her breast cancer. 

"I don't think you have to be a hero to go through chemo, but, after it, you sure do feel like one. To me, (family and friends) are the heroes ... my hat's off to these people," said Leingang, who is now cancer free after undergoing chemotherapy beginning in December of 2013.

Sheila Geffre, another Survivor Ambassador, spoke at the event, which began at 5 p.m. in a festive atmosphere that included sales of food, caramel rolls, German hamburgers and pulled pork from pavilion tents. Signs close by read, "Celebrate. Remember. Fight Back." 

"You can't plan for tomorrow. Tomorrow's a question mark. But after living 13 years of 'todays,' cancer is still part of me. But it does not define me," said Geffre, who has done battle with an extremely aggressive brain cancer, which most recently killed Joe Biden's son, Beau Biden.

She likened having cancer to the kinds of life-changing moments that happen to everyone.

"The death of a child or a parent — God forbid, your house burns down .... we all have those major events that shape our lives, that change us," said Geffre, as she looked down at her son. "Just take a day at a time."

After the opening ceremony, cancer survivors lined up according to how many years they had survived, before walking a lap around the track. Later, caregivers and teams also walked separate laps. The event, which included a first aid station for the first time, continued until a closing ceremony at 4 a.m. Sunday.


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Trials show aspirin slows breast cancer - The Times (subscription)

A daily aspirin could slow the growth of breast cancer, early trials suggest.

Tumours in mice given the equivalent of a daily headache pill grew half as fast as those untreated, a study found.

While experts cautioned that the results have yet to be repeated in humans, the research adds to evidence that the common drug has strong anti-cancer properties.

US researchers looked at 96 plates of cancer cells, finding that they died much faster and struggled to grow when aspirin was added. They then injected 20 mice with breast cancer, giving half the equivalent of the human dose of


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US plans to store heavy arms in Baltic, Eastern Europe - source - Reuters Canada

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The United States plans to store heavy military equipment in the Baltics and Eastern European nations to reassure allies unnerved by Russia's intervention in Ukraine and to deter further aggression, U.S. officials said.

The move would be the first time Washington has stationed heavy military equipment in the newer NATO member states that were once in the Soviet sphere of influence or - in the case of the three Baltic republics - part of the Soviet Union.

Though no final decision has been taken, the Pentagon is poised to store battle tanks, infantry fighting vehicles and other heavy weapons for as many as 5,000 troops, one U.S. official told Reuters on condition of anonymity.

The official said the proposal envisages storing a company's worth of equipment, enough for 150 soldiers, in each of the three Baltic nations: Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. Enough equipment for a company or possibly a battalion, or about 750 soldiers, would also be located in Poland, Romania, Bulgaria and possibly Hungary.

"We will pre-position significant equipment," a second U.S. official said.

Both officials were confirming an article Sunday in the New York Times, which first reported on the U.S. plans.

Poland and Lithuania confirmed they were in talks with Washington on stationing heavy arms in warehouses in the region.

"The threats to the Baltic region have increased. This has been discussed many times and I view positively (the fact) that talks lead to concrete decisions which, I think, will become a reality," Lithuanian Prime Minister Algirdas Butkevicius told Reuters.

Poland's defense minister said he expected a decision soon.  Continued...


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The Latest on prison escape: Every lead checked, Cuomo says - Washington Post

By Associated Press, <span class="timestamp updated pre" epochtime="1434245271000" datetitle="published" comparetime="1434305699000" pagetype="leaf" contenttype="article"/> <span class="timestamp updated pre" epochtime="1434305699000" datetitle="updated" comparetime="1434245271000" pagetype="leaf" contenttype="article"/>

1:15 p.m. (EDT)

New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo says searchers continue to follow up on every lead in the hunt for two escaped murderers, but it’s unclear if they’re still in the vicinity of the northern New York prison.

Cuomo says officials don’t know if the men are still in the area or “in Mexico by now.”

David Sweat and Richard Matt have been on the run for nine days after using power tools to cut their way out of a prison near the Canadian border.

A prison employee has been accused of smuggling contraband to the men. Cuomo said there will be “zero tolerance” for any assistance the escapees may have received.

___

11:15 a.m. (EDT)

Searchers were working under blue skies in northern New York for the second straight day as the hunt for two escaped murderers entered its ninth day.

Roads on the western edge of Plattsburgh were open only to local traffic and a state police helicopter was parked in a field where 24 hours earlier a contingent of 40 officers had marched into the adjacent woods on yet another grid search.

While many local residents remained locked in their homes at the advice of authorities, the outpouring of appreciation for the search effort continued. A restaurant was urging people to tie blue ribbons around trees and mailboxes.

Sgt. Barry Cartier of the Franklin County Sheriff’s Department says locals have been “awesome,” coming by with food. He’s part of a crew from a neighboring county working 12-hour shifts.

___

10:45 a.m. (EDT)

The prosecutor investigating the escape of two murderers from an upstate New York prison says the men planned to have a jail employee drive them seven hours away but she backed out of the plan at the last minute.

Clinton County District Attorney Andrew Wylie says the woman accused of helping inmates David Sweat and Richard Matt told investigators she only knew where to pick them up.

Wylie tells CNN tailor shop instructor Joyce Mitchell told investigators the inmates did not tell her their destination. Wylie says Mitchell told police she didn’t follow through with the plan because she didn’t want to hurt her husband.

The men have been on the run from the prison near the Canadian border for nine days. Hundreds of law enforcement workers are searching the area around the prison.

___

6 a.m. (EDT)

As dawn breaks on the ninth day of the hunt for two killers, officials say the search is expanding eastward from the wooded area where they have mostly focused since the prison break in far northern New York.

Troopers say more than 800 officers have joined the massive manhunt south of Dannemora. State police stayed stationed overnight into Sunday at intervals in the search area.

State police say investigators will continue to search door-to-door and plan to expand the search further east.

Residents of the rural area are not accustomed to locking their doors, at night or otherwise, but they have been on edge since David Sweat and Richard Matt cut their way out of the prison.

On Friday, prison tailor shop worker Joyce Mitchell was charged with providing the escapees hacksaw blades, chisels, a punch and a screwdriver bit.

Copyright 2015 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Animals Escape Zoo After Flash Flood - ABC News



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Bush's pre-announcement party Sunday includes logo unveiling, online video - Fox News

Former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush on Sunday ended what little mystery remains about his big, upcoming announcement -- unveiling a presidential campaign logo and releasing an online video.

Bush is scheduled to announce Monday that he will seek the 2016 Republican nomination for president -- joining a deep and diverse field of nine other GOP candidates.

The roughly 3-minute video, titled “Making a Difference,” relies on several first-person accounts from Floridians who portray Bush as a politician who “cares about helping people and getting results that allow everyone the opportunity to achieve their dreams,” according to his campaign.

“Bush instituted the first voucher program in the United States to give low-income kids an opportunity to go to a private school,” says one resident, Denisha Merriweather, of Jacksonville. “Out of my immediate family, I am the first person to graduate from high school. And then I went on to graduate from college.” 

Bush then says: “So many people could do so much better if we fixed a few things. My core beliefs start with the premise that the most vulnerable in our society should be in the front of the line, not the back. And as governor, I had a chance to act on that core belief.”

Bush unveiled his logo -- “Jeb! 2016” -- on his Twitter account.

The 62-year-old Bush -- whose father, George H.W. Bush, and brother, George W. Bush, were president -- was an early front-runner.

Though he remains near the top of most polls, he shares that space with several other GOP contenders, including Florida Sen. Marco Rubio, whom he mentored, and Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker, who is expected to officially join the race the second week in July.  

Bush’s announcement in December that he was exploring a 2016 run alone had the power to kick off the campaign.

In the ensuing six months, Bush has likely shattered fundraising records. And he just completed a well-reviewed trip through Europe.

However, supporters had hoped that by now Bush would hold a commanding position in the unwieldy Republican field, which also included two other U.S. senators, Texas’ Ted Cruz and Kentucky’s Rand Paul, as well as two social conservatives, retired Dr. Ben Carson and former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee, and ex-Hewlett-Packard chief executive Carly Fiorina, the party’s only female candidate.

"I know that I'm going to have to go earn this," Bush said this past week. "It's a lot of work and I'm excited about the prospects of this. It's a long haul. You start wherever you start, and you end a long way away from where we are today, so I just urge everybody to be a little more patient about this."

He plans to make his candidacy official during a Monday afternoon speech and rally at Miami Dade College, the nation's largest university.

Bush has failed to scare any potential rival from the race, except perhaps 2012 nominee Mitt Romney. He is unpopular among some of his party's most passionate voters and little known beyond his home state despite the Bush name.

"I thought Jeb would take up all the oxygen," said Ohio Gov. John Kasich. "He hasn't." Emboldened by Bush's slow rise, Kasich acknowledged this weekend that he is stepping up preparations for a possible campaign.

He and a few others are still deciding whether to join a field that could end up just shy of 20.

But few among them entered the race with such a high expectations of success as did Bush. Those expectations have seemed a burden at times.

Take, for example, the question of whether Bush will report raising $100 million for his campaign in the first six months of the year.

Lost amid the "will he or won't he" is that Bush probably will have taken in far more than anyone else.

Romney said this weekend that he would not be surprised to learn that Bush had scooped up twice that of all the other GOP candidates combined.

"By all appearances, he's raised a lot of money," Romney said, praising Bush's "experienced and capable team." "At this stage, that's a very important thing to do."

Even if he does not reach the $100 million mark, Bush will have amassed more in six months than Romney and his allies at a super political action committee raised for the entire year before the 2012 election.

By contrast, a senior adviser to Walker expects he will raise roughly $25 million through the end of June. The adviser spoke on the condition of anonymity to share internal fundraising details.

Romney's former fundraising chief, Spencer Zwick, said despite Bush likely commanding lead in the fundraising race, it's not clear how much of an advantage he will hold over the field.

"You don't need $100 million to run a primary," Zwick said. He suggested that multiple candidates would have the resources "to go the distance," adding that "it doesn't feel like anybody owns the dominant position."

Bush took lots of questions this past week about a supposed shake-up at campaign headquarters, even though only one member of his senior team -- who remains on Bush's staff -- was affected. The attention exasperated Bush: "It's June, for crying out loud," he told reporters while in Berlin. "We've got a long way to go."

Still, Bush's first six months back in politics since leaving the governor's office in 2007 have been underwhelming at times.

His low-key speaking style often leaves something to be desired, particularly when compared with some opponents. He sometimes gets snippy during long campaign days. While detailed policy questions are often his strength, he struggled for several days last month to answer a predictable question about the war in Iraq that his brother, former President George W. Bush, waged.

"He would be an excellent president no doubt, but how far he can go in the process remains to be seen," said John Rakolta Jr., the CEO of a Michigan construction company and a leading Romney donor.

In his speech Monday, Bush planned to make the case that those involved in creating Washington's problems cannot fix them. The point is designed to jab the Republican senators -- including political protégé˜ in Florida, Marco Rubio -- in the race.

Meanwhile, an allied super PAC fueled by Bush's fundraising haul is developing an advertising strategy that will promote Bush's record in Florida and attack his rivals.

The Associated Press contributed to this report.


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Skin cancer: An epidemic or case of better diagnosis? - Vancouver Sun

Skin cancer continues to be diagnosed worldwide at a faster rate than any other major cancer. But does a rise in the number of melanoma cases indicate an epidemic or are doctors more aggressively diagnosing precancerous skin lesions as melanoma?

Vancouver dermatologist Dr. Jason Rivers, and Dr. Darrell Rigel, a dermatologist from New York, say the melanoma epidemic is real as data shows the number of cases steadily climbing in many countries, However, Dr. Earl Glusac, who specializes in dermatopathology in New Haven, CT., argues that epidemic is an illusion, created by increased skin cancer screening.

He cautions that overdiagnosis of melanoma could lead to unnecessary anxiety, as patients may believe they are going to die from cancer when they may not.

The three top specialists debated the decade-old controversy on the final day of the 2015 World Congress of Dermatology, which began June 8 and wrapped up Saturday at the Vancouver Convention Centre.

Melanoma is a malignant (meaning it can spread or metastasize) tumour that starts in melanocytes, a type of cell that makes the pigment melanin. Cells in the skin sometimes change and cause non-cancerous, or benign, tumours such as dermatofibromas, epidermal cysts or moles (also called nevi.)

But changes can also cause cancer. When melanocytes change and become abnormal, they can cause precancerous conditions. This means that the cells are not yet cancer but there is a higher chance these abnormal changes may become cancer, according to the Canadian Cancer Society.

An atypical mole, or dysplastic nevus, is a precancerous condition of the skin that is more likely than ordinary moles to develop into melanoma, the society says.

Glusac’s argument against a melanoma epidemic rests largely on a study by Dr. H. Gilbert Welch, whose research, which was published in the British Medical Journal in 2005, showed that skin biopsies rose by 250 per cent since 1986, but there was no change in the melanoma death rate or the incidence of advanced disease.

“Are we doing a great job stamping out melanoma or are we overdiagnosing? Overdiagnosis is the diagnoses of disease that will never cause symptoms or death,” Glusac said to members of the Congress.

Welch argued that if there was an epidemic of melanoma, scientists should see increases in cancers at all stages.

“With Lung cancer mortality went up along with incidents, and that’s what was expected in an epidemic of cancer,” said Glusac.

He questioned whether doctors are applying the same criteria to thin lesions as thick lesions. In the past, he said physicians didn’t sample anything smaller than a nickel, but now they are sampling lesions smaller than an aspirin.

He also argued the fear of error is contributing to the rise.

A skin cancer lesion the size of pea could kill a patient, while a lesion of similar size in the breast, colon or thyroid, if removed, is generally cured, he said.

“So there is a tremendous incentive not to miss a melanoma.” But some melanomas look like nevus, and so many doctors are overdiagnosing nevus as melanoma.”


This leads to what he called a “reservoir of pseudo-malignant disease.” He compared the reservoir to how prostate PSA screening is leading to more men being treated for tumours deemed malignant but with a very low risk of malignancy. In some cases, treatment for prostate cancer can lead to incontinence and impotence.

“Unfortunately, melanoma is like prostate cancer. The harder you look for it, the more you screen for it, the more you biopsy it, the more you seem to find it, but without the morbidity and mortality,” he said.

A melanoma diagnosis can cause significant problems with insurance, anxiety, fear, and lead people to make tough life decisions, such as not having any more children, Glusac said.

But Rivers and Rigel said early detection and screening remains the best defence in lowering mortality, and argue that because melanoma can be so deadly, the best practice is to remove melanomas before they spread.

“I agree there is a reservoir of cases out there, but the reality is the incidents of thick melanomas are still rising,” said Rigel.

Rivers said there are more than two million cases of skin cancer diagnosed in the U.S. each year, with 73,000 of those new cases of melanoma. He added that every hour someone dies from melanoma in North America,

“Can you tell which melanoma is going to kill and not kill? I can’t,” said Rivers.

The rate of melanoma has climbed to 26 people per 1,000 population from 18 over 20 years in the U.S. The rates are going up and there is an increase among young women, which Rivers noted has been linked to indoor tanning.

Rivers also presented data from Canada, England, France, Norway, Finland and Australia, where overall the number of melanoma cases have gone up over the past decade. Though he said rates of melanoma are rising rapidly in older populations and slowing among younger people between ages 15 and 24, presumably because of public education about skin cancer.

“Let’s face it if there was an increase of overdiagnosis, then we should see this in all age groups and not just older groups,” said Rivers.

ticrawford@vancouversun.com


© Copyright (c) The Vancouver Sun


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Trials show aspirin slows breast cancer - The Times (subscription)

A daily aspirin could slow the growth of breast cancer, early trials suggest.

Tumours in mice given the equivalent of a daily headache pill grew half as fast as those untreated, a study found.

While experts cautioned that the results have yet to be repeated in humans, the research adds to evidence that the common drug has strong anti-cancer properties.

US researchers looked at 96 plates of cancer cells, finding that they died much faster and struggled to grow when aspirin was added. They then injected 20 mice with breast cancer, giving half the equivalent of the human dose of


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Tests show South Korean in Slovakia probably does not have MERS - Reuters

<span id="midArticle_start"/> Tests show a 38-year-oldSouth Korean man admitted to hospital in Slovakia withsuspected Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) probably doesnot have the potentially deadly virus, the Slovak HealthMinistry said on Sunday.

<span id="midArticle_0"/>The ministry said three out of four tests came back negativeand the fourth was on the upper limits but not positive.

<span id="midArticle_1"/>Ministry spokesman Peter Bubla said the patient, who wastaken to a Bratislava hospital on Saturday, would undergofurther tests.

<span id="midArticle_2"/> <span class="first-article-divide"/>An outbreak of the virus in South Korea has infected 145people and killed 14 of them since it was first diagnosed in Mayin a businessman who had returned from a trip to the MiddleEast.

<span id="midArticle_3"/> <span class="second-article-divide"/>The outbreak is the largest outside Saudi Arabia, where thedisease was first identified in humans in 2012, and has stirredfears in Asia of a repeat of a 2002-2003 scare when Severe AcuteRespiratory Syndrome (SARS) killed about 800 people worldwide.

<span id="midArticle_4"/> <span class="third-article-divide"/>MERS is caused by a coronavirus from the same family as theone that caused SARS. It is more deadly than SARS but does notspread as easily.

<span id="midArticle_5"/>Slovakian media reported the man was taken to Bratislava from the city of Zilina, 200 km (125 miles) to the north. Thearea is home to a Kia Motors factory, and the reports said theman worked for a subcontractor of the South Korean carmaker andhad been staying in a hotel in Zilina. (Reporting by Tatiana Jancarikova; Writing by Jason Hovet;Editing by Mark Trevelyan)

<span id="midArticle_6"/>


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Summary of Health Canada's Assessment of a Health Claim about Vegetables and Fruit and Heart Disease

Bureau of Nutritional Sciences
Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch
Health Canada

Broekmans WMR, Klopping-Ketelaars WAA, Kluft C, van den Berg H, Kok FJ, van Poppel G. Fruit and vegetables and cardiovascular risk profile: a diet controlled intervention study. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001;55:636-642.

Dauchet L, Amouyel P, Hercberg S, Dallongeville J. Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Nutr. 2006;136:2588-2593.

Gaziano JM, Manson JE, Branch LG, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Buring JE. A prospective study of consumption of carotenoids in fruits and vegetables and decreased cardiovascular mortality in the elderly. Ann Epidemiol. 1995;5:255-260.

He FJ, Nowson CA, Lucas M, MacGregor GA. Increased consumption of fruit and vegetables is related to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Hum Hypertens. 2007;21:717-728.

Hertog MG, Feskens EJM, Hollman PCH, Katan MB, Kromhout D. Dietary antioxidant flavonoids and risk of coronary heart disease: The Zutphen Elderly Study. Lancet, 1993;342:1007-1011.

Jenkins DJA, Kendall CWC, Popovich DG, Vidgen E, Mehling CC, Vuksan V, Ransom TPP, Rao AV, Rosenberg-Zand R, Tang N, Corey P, Jones PJH, Raeini M, Story JA, Furumoto EJ, Illingworth R, Pappu AS, Connelly PW. Effect of a very-high-fibre vegetable, fruit and nut diet on serum lipids and colonic function. Metabolism. 2001;50:494-503.

Jenkins DA, Popovich DG, Kendall CWC, Vidgen E, Tariq N, Ransom TPP, Wolever TMS, Vuksan V, Mehling CC, Boctor DL, Bolognesi C, Huang J, Pattern R. Effect of a diet high in vegetables, fruit, and nuts on serum lipids. Metabolism. 1997;46:530-537.

Joshipura KJ, Hu FB, Manson JE, Stampfer MJ, Rimm EB, Speizer FE, Colditz G, Ascherio, A., Rosner, B., Spiegelman D, Willett WC. 2001. The effect of fruit and vegetable intake on risk for coronary heart disease. Ann Int Med. 2001;134:1106-1114.

Key TJA, Thorogood M, Appleby PN, Burr ML. Dietary habits and mortality in 11 000 vegetarians and health conscious people: Results of a 17 year follow up. BMJ. 1996;313:775-779.

Khaw K-T, Bingham S, Welch A, Luben R, Wareham N, Oakes S, Day N. Relation between plasma ascorbic acid and mortality in men and women in EPIC-Norfolk prospective study: A prospective population study. Lancet. 2001;357:657-663.

Knekt P, Järvinen R, Reunanen A, Maatela J. Flavonoid intake and coronary mortality in Finland: A cohort study. BMJ, 1996;312:478-481.

Kurowska EM, Spence JD, Jordan J, Wetmore S, Freeman DJ, Piche LA, Serratore P. HDL-cholesterol-raising effect of orange juice in subjects with hypercholesterolemia. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72:1095-1100.

Kromhout D, Bloemberg BPM, Feskins EJM, Hertog MGL, Menotti A, Blackburn H. Alcohol, fish, fibre, and antioxidant vitamins intake do not explain population differences in coronary heart disease mortality. Int J Epidemiol. 1996;25:753-759.

Liu S, Min Lee I, Ajani U, Cole SJ, Buring JE, Manson JE. Intake of vegetables rich in carotenoids and risk of coronary heart disease in men: The Physicians’ Health Study. Int J Epidemiol. 2001;70:130-135.

Liu S, Manson JE, Lee I-M, Cole SR, Hennekens H, Willett WC, Buring JE. Fruit and vegetable intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: The Women’s Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72:922-928.

Mann JI, Appleby PN, Key TJ, Thorogood M. Dietary determinants of ischaemic heart disease in health conscious individuals. Heart. 1997;78:450-455.

Mente A, de Koning L, Shannon HS, Anand SS. A systematic review of the evidence supporting a causal link between dietary factors and coronary heart disease. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169:659-669.

Nakanishi N, Nakamura K, Suzuki K, Tatara K. Lifestyle and the development of dyslipidemia: A 4-year follow-up study of middle-aged Japanese male office workers. Environ Health Prev Med. 1999;4:140-145.

Rimm EB, Ascherio A, Giovannucci E, Spiegelman D, Stampfer MJ, and Willett WC. Vegetable, fruit and cereal fibre intake and risk of coronary heart disease among men. JAMA. 1996;275:447-451.

Singh RB, Rastogi SS, Singh R, Niaz MA, Singh NK, Madhu SV. Effects on plasma ascorbic acid and coronary risk factors of adding guava fruit to the usual diet in hypertensives with mild to moderate hypercholesterolaemia. J Nutr Environ Med. 1997;7: 5-14.

Tinker, L.F., Schneeman, B.O., Davis, P.A., Gallaher, D.D., and Waggoner, C.R. 1991. Consumption of prunes as a source of dietary fiber in men with mild hyper-cholesterolemia. Am J Clin Nutr. 53:1259-1265.

Todd, S., Woodward, M., Tunstall-Pedoe, H., and Bolton-Smith, C. Dietary antioxidant vitamins and fibre in the etiology of cardiovascular disease and all-causes mortality: results for the Scottish Heart Health Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;150:1073-1080.

Watkins TR, Bierenbaum ML. Grape juice attenuates cardiovascular risk factors in the hyperlipidemic subject. Pharm Biol. 1998;36 (suppl.):75-80.

Zino, S., Skeaff, M., Williams, S., and Mann, J. Randomised controlled trial of effect of fruit and vegetable consumption on plasma concentrations of lipids and antioxidants. BMJ. 1997; 314:1787-1791.



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Post-Authorization Activity Table for XTANDI



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Summary Basis of Decision for CARBAGLU



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Summary Basis of Decision for ROSIVER



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Tests show South Korean in Slovakia probably does not have MERS

<span id="midArticle_start"/> Tests show a 38-year-oldSouth Korean man admitted to hospital in Slovakia withsuspected Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) probably doesnot have the potentially deadly virus, the Slovak HealthMinistry said on Sunday.

<span id="midArticle_0"/>The ministry said three out of four tests came back negativeand the fourth was on the upper limits but not positive.

<span id="midArticle_1"/>Ministry spokesman Peter Bubla said the patient, who wastaken to a Bratislava hospital on Saturday, would undergofurther tests.

<span id="midArticle_2"/> <span class="first-article-divide"/>An outbreak of the virus in South Korea has infected 145people and killed 14 of them since it was first diagnosed in Mayin a businessman who had returned from a trip to the MiddleEast.

<span id="midArticle_3"/> <span class="second-article-divide"/>The outbreak is the largest outside Saudi Arabia, where thedisease was first identified in humans in 2012, and has stirredfears in Asia of a repeat of a 2002-2003 scare when Severe AcuteRespiratory Syndrome (SARS) killed about 800 people worldwide.

<span id="midArticle_4"/> <span class="third-article-divide"/>MERS is caused by a coronavirus from the same family as theone that caused SARS. It is more deadly than SARS but does notspread as easily.

<span id="midArticle_5"/>Slovakian media reported the man was taken to Bratislava from the city of Zilina, 200 km (125 miles) to the north. Thearea is home to a Kia Motors factory, and the reports said theman worked for a subcontractor of the South Korean carmaker andhad been staying in a hotel in Zilina. (Reporting by Tatiana Jancarikova; Writing by Jason Hovet;Editing by Mark Trevelyan)

<span id="midArticle_6"/>


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Watch Me (Whip / Nae Nae) - Silento

Atlanta-based rapper Silentó broke out of the underground as a teenager in early 2015. That's when his single "Watch Me" — recorded the previous December and released independently a month later — inspired a wave of fan-made dance videos due to lyrical references to the whip dance, the nae nae, and the stanky leg. Over the course of one week, the single, made with Bola da Producer, racked up over two-and-a-half million U.S. streams. The spike sent it to number 33 on Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop...

Full Bio


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Uptown Funk (feat. Bruno Mars) - Mark Ronson

Editors’ Notes

Having already teamed up with legends like D’Angelo and Amy Winehouse, Mark Ronson attains new collaborative heights on the wonderfully funky Uptown Special. In addition to workshopping lyrics with Pulitzer Prize–winning novelist Michael Chabon, the multi-instrumentalist DJ/producer joins forces with heavyweights past and present. While Stevie Wonder lends his touch to the astral melodies of the album’s opening and closing cuts, Bruno Mars pays brilliant homage to Prince on the propulsive “Uptown Funk.” Elsewhere, Mystikal channels James Brown on the rambunctious "Feel Right” and Tame Impala mastermind Kevin Parker adds layers of sumptuous psychedelia to “Daffodils.”


Customer Reviews

Funky

by Xtina in Va This music borrows all that is right from true performers like James Brown. Reminds me of artists like Prince, Morris Day & The Time.e music is fun and feels good. Watching the performances on SNL made me preorder- I want in on all this album promises to deliver - Funk!!!!


Hell Yes

by Born to Share Your Gift... Thank God... You knew what I needed before I did. If this doesn't make you move, well sadly...it must mean you're dead.


Ha

by ccall Mystikal rapping sounds like Samuel L. Jackson talking



Biography

Born: September 4, 1975 in Notting Hill, London, England

Genre: Pop

Years Active: '90s, '00s, '10s

Superstar DJ and producer Mark Ronson has earned both praise and popular success for his throwback, soul- and funk-influenced work with such diverse artists as Ghostface Killah, Amy Winehouse, Boy George, and Bruno Mars. The stepson of guitarist Mick Jones of Foreigner, Ronson spent the first eight years of his life growing up in England. Having played guitar and drums from an early age, it wasn't until moving to New York City with his mother that he discovered DJ culture. At age 16, and already...

Full Bio


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Peanuts could protect against cancer - Stuff.co.nz

Peanuts have more benefits than first thought, but the same can't be said for peanut butter.



Eating half a handful of peanuts or nuts a day could protect against death from cancer and heart disease.

A Dutch study has found men and women who eat at least 10 grams of nuts or peanuts per day have a lower risk of dying from several major causes of death than people who don't consume them because of the various vitamins, fibre, antioxidants and compounds they contain.

But the same health benefits aren't found from eating peanut butter which contains salt and trans fatty acids that could inhibit the protective effects of peanuts.

The study published in the International Journal of Epidemiology found the reduction in mortality was strongest for respiratory disease, neurodegenerative disease and diabetes, followed by cancer and cardiovascular diseases.

The study was carried out within the Netherlands Cohort Study, which has been running since 1986 involving more than 120,000 Dutch 55-69 year old men and women.

Nut consumption was assessed by asking about portion size and frequency of intake of peanuts, other nuts (tree nuts), and peanut butter, said Oxford University Press, publishers of the journal.

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